In philosophical endeavours, it is not uncommon to find common patterns, such as the Cascade phenomenon, appearing from the sociology of ideas. In the area of analysis of scientific trends and institutions, in particular, the key notions of paradigms and falsifiability frequently prove to be useful.
However, investigative thinkers will find a variety of 'keys' or 'tools', that they will want to refine and master. As with the golden ratio, visible in the flower and the shell, some patterns keep recurring in human affairs.
Ockham's Razor
The Cascade phenomenon
Paradigms, Falsification, and Unscientific methods
The Principle of Equivalence
Foucault's Pendulum experiment
The evil principle of Utilitarianism
